Tajdeed

Is everything halal or haram?

Bismillah

“According to our author, all rulings of the Shari’a, without exception, fall into three categories: obligatory (fard), prohibited (Harâm) and permitted (mubah).

That which is recommended (mandub) and that which is reprehensible (makruh) fall into the third category – namely, that of the permitted – since they are not technically commanded or prohibited.

Based on Qur’an 2:29: “It is He Who hath created for you all things that are on earth” and Qur’in 6:119: “He hath explained to you in detail what is forbidden to you, except under compulsion of necessity,” Ibn Hazm concludes that everything on the face of the earth, every possible action, is permitted and lawful (mubàh/halal) except that which God has expressly forbidden by name either in the Qur’an or in the Sunna of the Prophet, or by means of a consensus (ijma, of the Muslim community, adherence ta which is made incumbent in the Qur’an itself.

Once again, the important point here is that Ibn Hazm demands that the prohibition – or command, for that matter – refer to a given thing by name (bi-smihi) in the texts.”

Reference: The Epistemology of Qiyas and Talil between the Mu’tazilite Abu l-husayn al-Basri and Ibn Hazm al-Andalusi – by Carl Sharif EI-Tobgui